Uyu munsi, tariki ya 1 Ukuboza, ni Umunsi Mpuzamahanga wahariwe kurwanya SIDA. Ni muri urwo rwego ICK News yifashishije imibare y’ibigo binyuranye hirya no hino ku isi, yaguteguriye inkuru igaruka ku ishusho ya SIDA mu Rwanda no hirya no hino ku isi.
SIDA iterwa n’agakoko kitwa ‘HIV’ iracyari ikibazo gikomeye cy’ubuzima ku Isi yose, cyane ko imaze guhitana abantu bagera kuri miliyoni 42.3 kugeza ubu. Ikindi kandi, ikwirakwira ry’ubwandu riracyakomeje mu bihugu byose ku Isi.
Mu mpera za 2023, imibare y’Ishami ry’Umuryango w’Abibumbye rirwanya SIDA (UNAIDS) yagaragazaga ko abagera kuri miliyoni 39.9 bari bafite virusi itera SIDA. Muri bo, 65% bakaba ari abo muri Afurika.
Muri uwo mwaka kandi, abagera ku bihumbi 630 bapfuye bazize indwara zituruka kuri HIV, naho abandi bagera kuri miliyoni 1.3 bandura iyi virusi.
Kugeza ubu, nta muti uvura SIDA wari waboneka gusa, binyuze mu buryo bunoze bwo kuyirinda, kuyisuzuma, kuyivura no kwita ku bayirwaye, harimo no kuvura indwara ziterwa n’ubudahangarwa buke, uburwayi bwa SIDA bwabaye indwara umuntu ashobora kubana nayo igihe kirekire.
Ishami ry’Umuryango w’Abibumbye ryita ku Buzima (OMS), Ikigega Mpuzamahanga (Global Fund), na UNAIDS bafite gahunda zigamije guhuza intego z’Iterambere rirambye (SDGs), by’umwihariko intego ya 3.3 (95-95-95) yo guhashya icyorezo cya Sida bitarenze 2030.
OMS ivuga ko kugeza muri 2025, 95% by’abantu bose barwaye SIDA bagomba kuba bazi uko ubuzima bwabo buhagaze, 95% bafata imiti igabanya ubukana kandi neza ndetse 95% by’abafata iyo miti bagomba kuba bafite ubwandu butagifite ubukana.
Ibi ngo bigamije gutuma bagira ubuzima bwiza no kugabanya ibyago byo kwanduza abandi.
Mu mwaka wa 2023, ibi bipimo byari biri kuri 86%, 89%, na 93% uko bikurikirana. Muri uwo mwaka, ku bantu bose barwaye SIDA
86% bari bazi uko bahagaze; 77% bafataga imiti igabanya ubukana mu gihe 72% bari bafite ubwandu butagifite imbaraga ku kigero cyashimangiwe n’ibipimo.
Ubwandu bwa SIDA mu Rwanda
Imibare ikubiye muri Raporo yakozwe n’Ikigo cy’Igihugu gishinzwe Ubuzima (RBC) yegeranyijwe kuva tariki 01 Nyakanga 2022 kugeza mu kwezi kwa Kamena 2023, igaragaza ko muri 2022-2023 umubare w’abipimishije virusi itera Sida wagabanutse ukava kuri 2,283,301 ukagera kuri 2,072,366.
Iyi raporo igaragaza ko umusaruro rusange w’abipimishije virusi itera Sida wagumye kuri 0.7%, mu gihe umubare munini w’abipimishije virusi itera Sida ungana na 4.1%.
Mu bushakashatsi bwa 2022 bwakozwe na Rwanda Population-based HIV Impact Assessment (RPHIA) ibinyujije mu Kigo cy’igihugu cyita ku buzima (RBC) n’Ikigo cy’igihugu gishinzwe ibarurishamibare mu Rwanda (NISR) ku nkunga yatanzwe na Perezida w’Amerika muri gahunda yo kurwanya Sida (PEPFAR), bwagaragaje ko ubwandu bwa virusi itera Sida mu Rwanda bwari 3.0%.
Bivuze ko abagera ku 210,200 babana na virusi itera Sida mu Rwanda.
Abagore barusha abagabo kwandura kuko bari kuri 3.7% mu gihe abagabo bari kuri 2.2%.
Imibare ya Minisiteri y’Ubuzima y’umwaka ushize 2023, igaragaza ko mu Rwanda abafite virusi itera Sida ari 3%, abagera kuri 92% byabo bakaba bafata imiti neza.
Mu mwaka wa 2003 habaruwe abantu ibihumbi 17,121 bishwe na Sida, naho mu mwaka wa 2021 habaruwe abantu 1,548 bapfuye bazize Sida, imfu zagiye zigabanyuka bitewe no gufata imiti neza.
Ingamba z’u Rwanda
U Rwanda rwatangiye gahunda yo kurandura virusi itera Sida ihereye mu babyeyi babana na SIDA bashobora kwanduza umwana bamutwite cyangwa avuka.
Kuva muri Nyakanga 2022 kugeza muri Kamena 2023, abagore 389,531 batwite bitabiriye gahunda zo kwipimisha virusi itera Sida. Abagera kuri 5,558 basanze baranduye virusi itera Sida.
Ni mu gihe abagore 365,759 bipimishije Sida bose basanga bafite HIV itazwi kandi bataranduye.
Muri bo, abagore 1,421 batwite bapimwe virusi itera sida basanze baranduye, bangana na 0.4%.
99% by’abagore batwite babana na virusi itera Sida bahawe imiti (ART) kugira ngo bagabanye ibyago by’ubwandu bushobora gufata umwana mu gihe umubyeyi amutwite cyangwa amubyara.
Imibare ya RBC yo muri 2024 igaragaza ko kugeza ubu, abana bari munsi y’imyaka 15 bafite virusi itera Sida bagera kuri 80% bagerwaho n’imiti igabanya ubukana n’izindi serivisi zijyana na yo.
RBC igaragaza kandi ko kurinda ubwandu buva ku babyeyi banduza abana (Igihe cyo kubyara no konsa) bigeze ku kigero cya 99%, mu gihe ubwandu bw’agakoko gatera Sida mu bana bari munsi y’imyaka 14 bugeze kuri 0.5%
Mu gihugu hose serivisi zo gupima virusi itera SIDA ni ubuntu.
Mu bindi byakozwe kandi ni uko kugeza mu kwezi kwa Kamena 2023, umubare w’abakora umwuga w’uburaya n’abagabo baryamana bahuje igitsina bahawe ibibafasha kudakwirakwiza ubwandu bwa Sida (PrEP) wiyongereye, uva ku 10,078 muri Nyakanga ugera ku 10,789 muri Kamena 2023.
Muri 2022/2023 abagabo 309,822 barasiramuwe. Ubwo hakorwaga raporo, abagabo basanzwemo ubwandu bwa Virusi itera Sida batangiye guhabwa ubuvuzi.
Mu mpera z’ukwezi kwa Kamena 2023, ababana n’ubwandu bwa Sida 218,314 bangana na 92.3% bagumishijwe ku miti ya ART.
Mu mwaka w’ingengo y’imari wa 2022-2023 hashyizwe mu bikorwa uburyo bwo kurwanya ikwirakwizwa rya SIDA, indwara zandurira mu mibonano mpuzabitsina ndetse no kwipimisha hepatite C.
Raporo ya RBC ivuga ko iki ari ikimenyetso cy’ubufatanye hagati ya Guverinoma y’u Rwanda, abafatanyabikorwa mu iterambere, Imiryango ishamikiye k’Umuryango w’Abibumbye, Imiryango itari iya Leta ndetse n’abagenerwabikorwa.
Intego y’u Rwanda ni ukuba rwaranduye ubwandu bushya bwa Virusi itera Sida n’impfu ziyikomokaho muri 2023.
U Rwanda ruteganya ko muri 2025, ruzaba rwageze ku ntego y’Ishami ry’Umuryango w’Abibumbye rirwanya SIDA ya 95-95-95.
Ni intego iteganya ko 95% by’abafite Sida bagomba kuba bazi uko ubuzima bwabo buhagaze, 95% bafata imiti kandi neza ndetse 95% by’abafata imiti bakaba baragabanyije ubukana bwa virusi mu mibiri yabo.
Gusa kugira ngo ibi byose bigerweho, RBC isaba buri wese kugira uruhare mu kurwanya Virusi Itera SIDA yipimisha kugira ngo amenye uko ahagaze, kwitabira no kumenyekanisha uburyo bwizewe bwo kwirinda SIDA, kurwanya akato n’ihezwa bikorerwa abafite Virus itera SIDA no kugira uruhare mu kuvuganira abantu bose bakeneye kugerwaho na serivisi zo kurwanya SIDA.